Soyuz in Guiana * Союз в Гвиане
This is the mythical rocket par excellence, the one that launched Sputnik, the first satellite and Gagarin, the first man in space. The CSG, Guiana Space Centre, is now one of its launch bases: a historic achievement.
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Legacy of the Franco-Russian co-operation agreement
There is no doubt that the arrival of the Soyuz in French Guiana did not come about in the twinkling of an eye. As Yannick d’Escatha, President of the CNES, highlighted in the above video, although the project is being carried out under the banner of the ESA, European Space Agency, it is also “le fruit de 45 ans de coopération spatiale entre la France et la Russie” (the fruit of 45 years of space co-operation agreements between France and Russia). Indeed, the two countries set up a productive scientific collaboration agreement in the space field, even during the time of the Soviet Union. We would reiterate that the first Frenchman in space, Jean-Loup Chrétien, blasted off in 1982 to the Soviet station Saliout 7 aboard a Soyuz spaceship... atop a Soyuz rocket (the spaceship and the rocket have the same name, the rocket was previously dubbed R-7 or Semiorka).
After the fall of the Soviet Union and its economic system, the Russian space industry found itself with a blatant lack of finance whilst possessing an obvious know-how. A new form of co-operation agreement, no longer just scientific, but also commercial, came into being in order to sell satellite launch services using the Soyuz rocket. Arianespace (main shareholders: the CNES and manufacturers EADS and Safran), the company tasked with commercialising the European Ariane family rockets, was then to include the legendary Russian rocket in its “catalogue”. The Russo-European company Starsem was founded in 1996 for this purpose. It unites EADS, Arianespace, the Russian Space Agency and TsSKB-Progress (or Samara Space Centre). The latter, situated 860 km south-east of Moscow, manufactures the Soyuz rocket, masterpiece of its head designer, engineer Sergei Korolev (1907-1966). And when we talk about masterpiece: just think that this rocket sent the first satellite into orbit (Sputnik in 1957), the first living being into orbit (Laïka the dog that same year), the first man (Yuri Gagarin in 1961) and the first woman (Valentina Tereshkova in 1963) into space, etc.
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Enjoy Space Com / English / News
http://www.enjoyspace.com/en/editorial-cases/soyuz-in-guiana
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